Our Open Access policy, licensing and copyright terms, and zero author charges

All Journal titles published by Pluto Journals became Open Access on 1 January 2021, and all content is freely available without charge to users or their institutions.

All material in all journals published by Pluto Journals titles is distributed using the open CC BY 4.0 license.

This means the copyright holder of published material, within any Pluto Journals title, grants usage rights to others using the open CC BY 4.0 license allowing for immediate, free access to the work and permitting any user to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to software, or use them for any other lawful purpose without asking prior permission of the publisher or the author.

The copyright terms of the copyright holder of published material, within any Pluto Journals title, work in agreement with the above, open CC BY 4.0 licensing terms and with the terms of the open access policy. Moral rights will be retained by the original Author/s and copyright will be held by the Author.

All Journal titles published by Pluto Journals are free of author charges. This means that authors are not charged any submission fees, editorial processing charges, article processing charges (APCs) or any other charge during any point from submission to publication.